From this article,
You may know about the air conditioning system also you can understand about the its types and applications. I Clearly explained about the content. It may be very useful. Leave your valuable comments in comment section.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
What is air conditioning?
Air conditioning is the process of treating air to
more favourable conditions such as changes the temperature, humidity,
cleanliness, distribution. It can be classified as follows.
From this article you may know about the air conditioning system also you may about the its types and its applications. I Clearly explained about the content. It may be very useful. Leave your valuable comments in comment section.
How to classify the air conditioning system?
- According to the arrangement of equipment - Unitary and central air conditioning system
- According to the need - Comfort and industrial air conditioning system
- According to the season -
- Winter and summer air conditioning system.
List the applications of air conditioning systems
- Air conditioning system is used in offices, hotels and busses etc.,
- Used in textile industries to control moisture.
- Used in chemical and food industries.
- Used in pharmacies.
- Used in household applications.
- Used in computer rooms to provide fresh air.
List the various types of air conditioning systems
- Room air conditioning system
- Centralized air conditioning system
- Automobile air conditioning system
Now we will move to explanation of types
ROOM AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
- The basic components inside the unit include a blower and/or fans for moving cooled air into the room and exhausting warm air, and refrigerant components for extracting heat from the air.
- Those components include a compressor, evaporator coil, refrigerant-filled tubing, and condenser coil. Most window and room air conditioners have thermostatic controls.
How Does a Window or Room Air Conditioner Works?
- Room temperature reaches the thermostat’s set point, turning on the room or window air conditioner’s blower. This draws room air through the air inlet grille and a filter that removes airborne dust and particles.
- Refrigerant is pumped through tubing in the unit, initiating the refrigeration process. This refrigerant takes on and gives off heat as it raises and lowers in temperature, changing from liquid to gas and then back to liquid.
- When the refrigerant begins to circulate through the indoor coil, it is very cold. As the blower pushes warm air across the coil, the refrigerant absorbs heat and turns into vapor.
- The vapor travels to a compressor that pressurizes it and moves it through the condenser coil, where it gives off heat, which is expelled outside.
- The refrigerant then moves through an expansion device that converts it to a low-pressure, cool liquid again, which then returns to the evaporator coil.
- The cycle repeats. All the while, the blower pushes air past the cold coil to chill the air and blow it back into the room.
CENTRALIZED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
What is Centralized air conditioning system?
- The centralized air conditioning system consists of the following components
- The main components available in centralized air conditioning system are
- Filter
- Heating coil
- Cooling coil
- Sprayers
- Blower
- Control panel
How does a centralized air conditioning system works?
- Initially fresh air enters into the filter. It removes impurities and harmful bacterias present in circulating air.
- Then the circulating air may be heated or cooled according to the season.
- Circulating air is preheated by means of preheater during winter season.
- Cooling coil is used to cool and dehumidify the circulating air during summer season.
- Sprayer nozzle is also used to cool and dehumidify the air.
- Blower circulates the cooled or heated air through the duct.
- And finally circulated air sends into the rooms through grilled openings provided in the duct ways.
- The central air conditioning systems is used for hospitals, theaters, and shopping malls, auditorium etc.,
What are the advantages of centralized air conditioning system?
- Free of noise in rooms
- Easy maintenance
- Less running cost
- Less capital cost
What are the disadvantages of centralized air conditioning system?
- It requires duct
- We cannot maintain different temperature for separate rooms if required.
- It requires more space.
- Any fault occurs all total system will collapse.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF AUTOMOBILE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
Construction
The major components used in Car’s AC are:
Compressor
The compressor of the AC is known as the heart. It promotes
the pressure of the refrigerant so that it can transform vapour refrigerant
into a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant enables the overall flow of
air through the condenser.
Condenser
The condenser is a small device that controls the
condensing. When you want to set the car’s temperature to low or high, liquid
refrigerant sent by the compressor has to face the convection force provided by
the radiator fan or by a separated fan. This force helps in controlling it.
Expansion Valve
Expansion Valve helps in expanding the high pressure, by
sending low-temperature liquid refrigerant by the condenser. As its name
implies, it controls the expansion and reduces the pressure. The release
pressure of the refrigerant before sending it to the evaporator.
Evaporator
The evaporator is placed behind the AC vent and looks like
the heat exchanger. It takes the heat from the car and converts it into liquid
refrigerant by changing it into vapour. You can enjoy cooling through fan
inside the passenger’s section.
Orifice Tube
The orifice tube is in the shape of a cone and provided
restriction in the flow of refrigerant. It allows the refrigerant to convert
high to low-pressure liquid refrigerant mist before entering the evaporator.
Receiver Dryer
Receiver Dryer is known as the safety catch as it maintains
the safety in the car. When we are using the Air conditioner, sometimes liquid
starts flowing towards the compressor instead of vapours, which can damage the
compressor. So the receiver dryer is used inserted between compressor and
evaporator to transform the remaining liquid into vapours and then send it for
compression.
AC Inline Filter
Air conditioning inline filter kit traps wreckage and gives
you the cleaned air.
AC Refrigerant
Refrigerant has a low boiling point and is used by the AC as
a heat exchanging medium. It is in the fluid form, so changing the temperature
becomes very easy through it. At low temperatures, the refrigerant converts
into gaseous form, while it stays liquid at the high temperature.
Accumulator
Accumulator holds the refrigerant. It desiccant the
refrigerants bag by removing moisture from it and then circulate it inside the
car.
Working
- The whole working starts with the Compressor. It compresses or pressurizes the refrigerant and converts it into the liquid from its gaseous state.
- The compressed liquid refrigerant has to pass through certain tubes located in the condenser. Here, the fresh air from outside comes in the contact with liquid refrigerant. The condenser contains a high-temperature liquid and that’s why there is a temperature incline between liquid and fresh air. Later, the heat moves from the liquid and mix with air.
- Then, the refrigerant moves into the receiver drier or accumulator. The desiccant removes the moisture from the air and refrigerant that leads to the creation of a cooler refrigerant while maintaining the system.
- The refrigerant, which is already in the cool liquid state, flows into the expansion valve or orifice tube. This process reduces overall fluid pressure and allows it to move to the evaporator (another component of AC).
- The converted refrigerant will then move to the evaporator. The air from the car will be drawn into the evaporator and go inside the evaporator core. Till now, the refrigerant temperature is cooler and it can convert the outside heat into the cold air.
- Fans near the passenger seat help in blowing the cold air through vents and make the car’s temperature cool. This process also removes moisture from the air and allows you to enjoy the fresh and dry air. (During this process, the collection and draining of the condensate also takes place). As the liquid refrigerant in the AC system becomes hotter after working, it again turns into a gaseous state.
- This hot and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant again circulates and goes back to the compressor. This is how the new cycle takes place and you get the cool, dry and fresh air.
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