vapour compression refrigeration system (VCRS)
The main components of vapour compression system are
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Expansion valve
- Evaporator
Compressor – It is used to increase the pressure of refrigerant from evaporator pressure to condenser pressure. For low pressure application reciprocating compressor is used. For very high pressure application, centrifugal compressor is used.
Condenser
– The main function
is to condensate the vapour refrigerant into liquid refrigerant. In household,
air cooled refrigerant is used. For industrial applications water and liquid
cooled refrigerant is used.
Expansion
valve – It is used to
control the flow rate. It makes partial evaporated liquid refrigerant to
evaporator pressure.
Evaporator
– It is used to
evaporate the refrigerant by transferring the heat from the area to be cooled.
Working of vapour compression
refrigeration system
Process 1-2 – Pressure of the vapour
refrigerant is increased by compressor adiabatically.
Process 2-3 – Vapour refrigerant is condensed
to the liquid through heat transfer.
Process 3-4 – Liquid refrigerant expands to the evaporator pressure. Also flow of liquid refrigerant is controlled by means of expansion valve.
Process 4-5 – Partially vapored refrigerant is evaporated through heat transfer from area to be cooled.
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