Construction, Main parts, Specification and Classification of shaping machine

Parts, Specification and Classification of standard shaper

TABLE OF CONTENTS

    1. Main Parts

            1.1 Base

            1.2 Column

            1.3 Cross rail 

            1.4 Table 

            1.5 Ram 

            1.6 Tool head 

            1.7 Saddle

    2. Specification of the shaper
    3. Classification of the shaper

1. Main Parts

• Base
• Column
• Cross rail
• Table 
• Ram
• Tool head
• Saddle

1.1 Base

• It is made by casting process.
• Cast iron material is used.
• It absorbs shock and vibrations.

1.2 Column

• Column is constructed using the cast iron.
• It is made by casting process.
• It a hollow structure.
• Driving mechanism is available inside the column.
• Guide ways are available in top & front face of the column.

1.3 Cross rail

• It is placed in guide ways of column.
• Vertical movement of the cross rail is provided by elevating screw.

1.4 Table 

• Work piece can be hold in the table by using T-Slots
• It can be moved horizontally by rotating cross feed screw.
• It can be moved vertically by rotating elevating screw.

1.5 Ram

• It fixed at the top of the column.
• Guide ways are provided to give reciprocating motion.
• Tool head is available at its front.
• Stroke length can be adjusted by rotating ram locking handle.
• Ram is connected with the quick return mechanism.

1.6 Tool head

• It is used to hold the cutting tool.
• Swivel is used to make the angle.
• It consists of clapper box, tool block, apron and down feed screw.
• Clapper box prevents the rubbing of tool during return stroke.
• Down feed screw is used to give depth of cut.

1.7 Saddle

• It is fixed with cross rail.
• It slides over the cross rail to provide cross wise movement.
• Table is fitted at the top of the saddle.
• It is made by cast iron material.

2. Specification of the shaper

• Power of the motor.
• Type of driving mechanism.
• Maximum stroke length.
• Maximum cross wise movement of the table.
• Maximum vertical movement of the table.
• Floor area.
• Weight of the machine.
• Ratio between cutting stroke and return stroke (γ).

3. Classification of the shaper

    i. According to the driving mechanism,

            Crank & Slotted link drive shaper.

            Hydraulic shaper.

    ii. According to the ram movement,

            Horizontal shaper.

            Vertical shaper.

    iii. According to the type of table,

            Standard or plain shaper

            Universal shaper.

    iv. According to the type of cutting,

            Push cut shaper.

            Draw cut shaper.